AI & LLM systems
Agents, retrieval and evaluation for language models.
- Agentic AI
- LangChain
- LangGraph
- RAG
- Graph-based retrieval
- Vector databases
- MCP
- NLP
- LLM evaluation
- Data
- Retrieval
- LLM
- Agents
- Evaluation
Calibrating signal
AI Engineer · language models · time-series ML
AI Engineer · Cologne, Germany
I’m Nouman Ahmad. I build LLM and agentic systems, retrieval pipelines and machine-learning models that turn complex operational data into answers and decisions people can trust.
Fig. 0 — My work as a neural network. Hover a node to trace its paths.
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My work sits where language models meet real operational data: assistants that answer from a system’s own knowledge graph and time series, agents that take over repetitive model-training work, and machine-learning methods that read the condition of equipment from sensor data.
My path started with PLC programming for production machines in Kayseri, continued through mechatronics in Istanbul, and led to AI engineering in Cologne. That engineering foundation shapes how I work: AI systems have to hold up on real, messy data, not only in a demo.
Today I am a Research Associate at TH Köln, where I build LLM assistants and agentic workflows and lead the modKI team’s work on reusable AI models.
Three questions I work on
Education
Languages
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The tools and methods behind the projects below, grouped by what they are for.
Agents, retrieval and evaluation for language models.
Models for time series, anomalies and prognostics.
Cleaning, exploring and presenting data.
Databases, containers and compute.
Where much of my data comes from.
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Every strength below links to the project or publication that shows it. Filter by area, then open the evidence.
Methods
Estimating how much capability equipment retains, not only whether it has failed.
Methods
Engineering knowledge and measured data are combined instead of treated separately.
Methods
Reusable AI modules instead of one-off models for every site.
AI systems
Agents that coordinate real tasks such as model training and method deployment.
AI systems
Answers that come from a system’s own data, not from a model’s general knowledge.
AI systems
LLM systems are compared with defined metrics, not judged by impression.
Engineering practice
Methods are designed by someone who has programmed the machines they describe.
Engineering practice
Results are presented to academic and industrial audiences.
Engineering practice
Sensor data is checked and cleaned before any model sees it.
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From local language models and retrieval to time-series machine learning. Pick a project to read the problem, the approach and the outcome.
Research · TH Köln (COLABO) · 2026
Small language models, fine-tuned with LoRA and run locally, that map raw building-automation data points to digital-twin profiles inside an existing NLP pipeline, and do it more accurately than the hosted large model they replace.
Problem
The pipeline that turns BACnet data points into Asset Administration Shells relied on a hosted 120B-parameter model: data leaves the site, runs are slow, and accuracy on unfamiliar buildings is limited.
Approach & contribution
Outcome
On buildings not seen in training, mean F1 rose from about 67 % for the hosted 120B model to 77 % with the 1.5B model and 83 % with the 8B model; the 1.5B model runs on a laptop CPU in about half the time. Paper in preparation.
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Fig. B — Where I lived and where I travelled for talks. Select a stop.
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Peer-reviewed conference papers.
Ahmad, N., Krüttgen, M., Müller, J. (2026). Scalable Estimation of Functional Reserve in Technical Building Equipment Using Data-Driven and Physics-Informed Methods. AUTOMATION 2026, Baden-Baden. VDE Verlag, pp. 153–162.
First authorIEEE Xplore ↗
Krüttgen, M., Ahmad, N., Magsi, T. H., Müller, J. (2025). Automated Performance Evaluation of Buildings Based on a Taxonomy of Building Functions with NLP-Supported Exploration in Building Information Networks. CISBAT 2025, Lausanne. Journal of Physics: Conference Series 3140, 042018.
Co-authorDOI ↗
Krüttgen, M., Fessler, T. G., Magsi, T. H., Ahmad, N., Müller, J. (2025). Automatisierte Performancebewertung der Technischen Gebäudeausrüstung auf Basis einer ganzheitlichen Ordnungsmethode für Gebäudefunktionen. AUTOMATION 2025, Baden-Baden. pp. 471–482.
Co-authorIn GermanDOI ↗
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Plain-language explainers on modern AI: how the systems work, what the terms mean and where the limits are.
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For research collaboration, positions or questions about my work, write to me by email or use the form.